Recently, the illness of a small girl named Luo, a child with leukemia in Shenzhen, has affected the hearts of Chinese people. Some netizens broke the cause of the disease because of the new renovation of the house. Last year, the actor Xu Ting had caused hospitalization for his family due to the renovation of the house. The danger of not being environmentally friendly was once again concerned by the public. Although the decoration is not environmentally friendly, leukemia has not been confirmed by the authorities, but it is an indisputable fact that it is detrimental to health. What hazards should be guarded against in the end? How to prevent it?
formaldehyde
Choose low release products
After years of knowledge popularization, almost every decoration owner has a deep understanding of formaldehyde. When purchasing materials, try to choose low-formaldehyde products. After finishing the decoration, pay special attention to the treatment of formaldehyde. Which materials does formaldehyde exist in?
The National Series of Standards for Limits of Hazardous Substances in Interior Decoration Materials specifies the formaldehyde content of multiple materials. The largest source is wood-based panels and their products, including medium-density fiberboard, high-density fiberboard, particleboard, oriented strandboard, etc. used in the production of furniture, ceiling molding, decoration, or plywood, decorative veneer veneer, Blockboards, etc., also include veneered wood-based panels, such as impregnated paper laminated wood flooring, solid wood composite flooring, bamboo flooring, impregnated film-finished wood-based panels. In addition, whether it is plate furniture or solid wood furniture, there is also the possibility of excessive release of free formaldehyde.
Secondly, various adhesives used in the decoration process and in the process of installing wood products may also contain formaldehyde.
Free formaldehyde is also present in waterborne wood coatings, interior wall coatings, and solvent wood coatings. Textiles such as curtains, bed sheets, and sofa covers are also added with formaldehyde during the production process. Another link that consumers tend to overlook is soft furniture such as mattresses and sofas. Foams used in mattresses and sofa cushions are required to be bonded by glue. Unqualified foam products may contain volatiles such as formaldehyde, benzene and TVOC. If the fabric used for making the mattress, the sponge and other bedding materials have excessive formaldehyde, the filled mattress will of course exceed the standard. Unqualified foam will also contain a large amount of adhesive, and formaldehyde pollution should not be underestimated. Some brown mattresses may cause excessive formaldehyde because of the large amount of adhesive.
However, consumers do not need to talk about aldehydes. Formaldehyde is a substance that exists in nature itself. Some natural woods contain formaldehyde, but the formaldehyde naturally present in wood is very weak and does not cause harm to humans.
Consumers need to pay attention to, as far as possible, purchase furniture and plates with low formaldehyde emission; in the decoration process, use formaldehyde-free glue as much as possible, such as the use of corn gelatin and other environmentally friendly glues in wallpaper paste; The case stems from the additive effect – even though each item meets national standards, multiple products are concentrated in one room, resulting in excessive air pollution in the living room. Therefore, consumers should not pursue excessive renovation.
TVOC, benzene, toluene, xylene
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The "Limits for Hazardous Substances in Interior Decoration Materials" stipulates that there are limited requirements for VOC, benzene, toluene and xylene for waterborne wood coatings, solvent-based wood coatings, putty, adhesives for interior architectural decoration and decoration. That is to say, the interior wall paint used in the decoration, the paint on the furniture, etc. may release the above substances. All kinds of adhesives such as rubber adhesives, polyurethane adhesives, acetal adhesives, polyvinyl acetate adhesives, etc., in addition to formaldehyde, will also release harmful substances such as TVOC, benzene, toluene and xylene.
TVOC is a general term for volatile organic compounds. Sun Shudong, assistant director of the National Furniture and Indoor Environmental Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, said in an interview with the Jinghua Times that some of the wood itself has some special odors (TVOC has a pungent odor), such as pine rosin. However, the wood that can be used indoors is safe, and such substances will evaporate quickly and will not cause harm to the human body. He said that there are so many kinds of volatile organic compounds that it is impossible to confirm whether they are harmful or not. Therefore, each product standard defines a value in the total amount to ensure the safety of users. Consumers can ensure that they purchase the standard products.
Heavy metal
Ask for the corresponding test report
The main sources of heavy metals are solvent-based coatings such as nitrocellulose lacquers, polyurethane lacquers, alkyd lacquers, interior wall coatings including water-based lacquers, colored lacquered furniture, and wallpaper. For families with children, the problem of heavy metal intake may be caused by easy contact and biting of furniture. Due to standard regulations, the product must indicate the name of the hazardous substance and its content on the packaging. Consumers should carefully review the product packaging when purchasing such materials, request corresponding test reports, and select qualified products.
Radionuclide limit
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The Jinghua Times reporter learned that at present, China is implementing the "Limited Radionuclides for Building Materials" (GB6566-2010) standard. The standard stipulates that decoration and decoration materials are divided into three categories according to the level of radioactivity: the production, sales and use of Class A decoration materials are not restricted; Class B decoration materials are not applicable to Class 1 civil buildings such as residential buildings, elderly apartments, hospitals and The interior of the school, but can be used for two types of civil buildings, such as shopping malls, stadiums, exhibition halls, industrial interiors, and other exterior finishes; Class C decoration materials can only be used for exterior finishes of buildings. And other uses outdoors. The decoration materials include granite, architectural ceramics, gypsum products, ceiling materials, stucco materials and other new decorative materials. The standard stipulates that the manufacturer shall indicate its radioactive level category in the product packaging or instructions in accordance with the standard requirements.
However, any object is radioactive, it exists in the water we drink every day, even in the human body. The radioactivity of home decoration materials is unquestionable, but the state has corresponding requirements for the radioactivity of household materials. As long as the products that meet the national standards are used reasonably, the safety of the human body can be guaranteed.
Natural marble is a radioactive exemption product. The quality inspection bureau has not detected radioactive nuclides in the past two or three years. It can be seen that the sale of ceramic tile products is relatively safe on this project, consumers do not need to worry too much.
It should be noted that due to the unique formation characteristics, granite often contains radioactive elements such as uranium, thorium and radium, and there is a possibility of radioactivity exceeding the standard. If you want to use imported granite products for decoration in your home, you can ask the seller to provide the inspection certificate issued by the inspection and quarantine department, and the classification grade and use occasion of the product. For other products, pay attention to the radioactive level label when purchasing.
â– Related standards
According to the national standard "Limits of harmful substances in interior decoration materials" and acceptance criteria - "Code for Indoor Environmental Pollution Control of Civil Buildings" (GB50325-2010), Jinghua Times reporter learned that the current interior decoration materials will involve human health pollution. There are: formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds (VOC), benzene, toluene and xylene, heavy metals (soluble lead, chromium, cadmium, mercury), radionuclides and ammonia, antimony (both of which are related to building materials).
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