With the continuous emergence of the latest technology, its applications have also penetrated into various fields, and printing anti-counterfeiting technology has also been expanded unprecedentedly, from the original limited single anti-counterfeiting means to the current numerous composite high-tech anti-counterfeiting means, but all anti-counterfeiting techniques Must follow the principles of good effect, economy, practicality and easy identification. Otherwise, the best anti-counterfeiting technology cannot be promoted and applied; the current anti-counterfeiting technologies include paper anti-counterfeiting, ink anti-counterfeiting, pattern anti-counterfeiting, rainbow printing, barcode anti-counterfeiting, and The latest smart labels, 3D anti-counterfeiting? Biological anti-counterfeiting, compound anti-counterfeiting, the newly-invented "microcircuit" of Germany and Japan and the "banknote counterprinting technology" completed by Chinese scientists, etc. The following will briefly discuss these anti-counterfeiting.
(1) Paper security
Paper anti-counterfeiting still occupies an important position in anti-counterfeiting technology, mainly in the following categories:
Security paper with security thread:
It refers to placing a metal or plastic thread in the middle of the paper during the papermaking process. In the early days, special metal thread was used. Now polyester plastic thread, micro letter security thread, fluorescent security thread, etc., as long as the shape is straight, it is worth It is mentioned that the latest 3D security thread technology was used in the new version of the US dollar banknotes circulated in 2011, which is the "3D security belt" on the right side of Franklin ’s head; The American Independence Bell pattern and the word 100 will move back and forth, left and right. The anti-counterfeiting belt is embedded in the banknotes, not printed.
Watermark paper:
Refers to paper with embossed, perspective, and touchable images, among which there are three kinds of watermarks: fixed watermark, semi-fixed watermark and unfixed watermark.
Laser security paper:
Refers to the combination of laser anti-counterfeiting technology and paper to make anti-counterfeiting paper. For example, by using holographic anti-counterfeiting technology and special equipment, the holographic image is made in a specific position of the banknote to improve the anti-counterfeiting performance
Red and blue fiber silk, color dot encryption paper:
It refers to mixing colored fibers such as red and blue or colored small pieces (dots) into the pulp during papermaking, or sprinkled on the surface of the paper before the paper is unshaped. It is fluorescent under ultraviolet radiation, which makes the finished paper different from the paper Colored fiber.
Chemical encryption paper:
It refers to adding in the pulp or sizing on the surface of the paper, adding special compounds to the glue or cloning a certain biological DNA molecule fragment, etc. This chemical encryption paper can develop color or fluorescence when coated with specific chemical reagents
Electrostatic recording paper:
The paper is coated with a conductive layer and an insulating layer paint, and can receive the voltage discharged from the needle electrode to destroy the insulating layer on the paper surface and form an electrostatic latent image with the conductive layer, so that when the developer is added, it can adhere to the pattern , And then melted and fixed on the paper to produce a clear pattern.
Optical reading paper:
Refers to the printing paper applied to the optical reader, used to read text, the number is called OCR, and the special mark is called OMR. Because it uses optical absorption or reflection to read, in order to avoid misreading, the paper Smoothness, abrasion resistance, cleanliness, etc. have higher requirements.
Magnetic recording paper (MICR paper):
Refers to the surface of the paper coated with strong magnetic particulate powder, and can use magnetic ink to print paper that can be recognized by the computer.
(Two) ink anti-counterfeiting
At present, anti-counterfeiting inks can be divided into eight categories according to their anti-counterfeiting functions.
â–¶ Daylight stimulates color-changing ink;
â–¶ Ultraviolet (infrared) excited fluorescent ink;
â–¶ Hot? Wet? Pressure sensitive anti-counterfeiting ink â–¶ Chemical reaction color changing ink;
â–¶ Intelligent machine-readable anti-counterfeiting ink;
â–¶ Multifunctional comprehensive anti-counterfeiting ink â–¶ Nano ink â–¶ Other special inks
Common anti-counterfeiting inks are as follows:
1) Daylight excited color-changing ink:
When it is used, it can detect the authenticity as long as sunlight; its principle is to add colorless isomer organic photosensitive molecules to the ink to produce a certain color under the irradiation of sunlight.
2) UV fluorescent ink:
There are two types of long-wave and short-wave. The principle is to add visible fluorescent substances with ultraviolet excitation to the ink, and emit red, yellow, green, blue and other visible light under ultraviolet irradiation.
3) Infrared fluorescent ink:
The visible fluorescent compound with infrared excitation is added to the ink to emit green visible light under the infrared lamp. Different infrared fluorescent substances have different requirements for infrared spectral power.
4) Infrared absorption ink:
It is a substance that absorbs infrared rays added to the ink, and under the infrared detector, it can recognize the invisible marks or pictures under ordinary light. Because substances absorb infrared rays with different strengths, infrared detectors must have a certain sensitivity to accurately detect their authenticity.
5) Thermochromic ink:
The principle is to adopt color microcapsules with temperature-sensitive color material. The color changes when touched or heated by hand. There are three colors: reversible, irreversible and memory. There are a variety of temperature ranges from low temperature to high temperature.
6) Humidity-sensitive color-changing ink:
The principle is that the color material contains a substance whose color changes with humidity. The characteristic is that the dry state is colorless, the drip state becomes colored, and there are two kinds of reversible and irreversible.
7) Pressure-sensitive color-changing ink:
The principle is to add special chemical reagent microcapsules to the ink. The colored or invisible graphics printed with this ink will undergo chemical pressure color change or micro-capsule rupture dye color change when rubbing or pressing hard objects or tools. There are existing colored and colorless points. There are many colors for color development, you can select the display color and design the dark memory according to the user's requirements. [next]
8) Viewing angle change ink:
The principle of anti-counterfeiting is that the color material adopts multi-layer interference optical broken film. As long as the viewing angle of the printed matter is changed, the color will change, and the new version of RMB uses this technology.
9) Magnetic anti-counterfeiting ink:
The principle of anti-counterfeiting is that the color material uses magnetic materials such as (Fe304) and iron oxide (Fe20), and the magnetic signal can be detected and decoded by using a magnetic detector; the technical requirement is that the magnetic color material is needle-shaped crystals smaller than the micron level, so that Its size and shape are easily aligned evenly in the magnetic field. Symbols and numbers with such residual magnetism realize the recognition function through the friction in the automatic processing device.
10) Anti-tamper ink:
The principle is to add chemical substances for alteration or substances with color development chemical reaction to the ink. When encountering correction fluids such as Xiaoziling, the anti-correction shading will appear discoloration or discoloration reaction.
11) Chemical encryption ink:
The principle of anti-counterfeiting is to add specific compounds to the ink. Its anti-counterfeiting feature is that after applying a decryption chemical reagent within a predetermined range, it immediately displays hidden graphics or generates fluorescence. There are different encoding and decoding chemical steganography combinations at different temperatures and pressures.
12) Intelligent machine-readable anti-counterfeiting ink:
It uses computer identification and is highly volatile. Each authentication terminal has encryption of anti-counterfeiting products and machines. Only when you know the checked mark or seal password at the same time, you can use special testing equipment for identification. Denaturation, that is, the anti-counterfeiting material is composed of a variety of variable chemical substances, and the characteristics, types, quantities, contents, and existence forms of the characteristic compounds constitute the particularity and personality of the anti-counterfeiting material. Then according to these special and personalized anti-counterfeiting materials and manufactured detection instruments (the results given by the calculator can be processed to detect the authenticity) to achieve anti-counterfeiting purposes
13) Nano ink:
Nanotechnology is nanomaterials and emerging high-tech products. Nowadays, it has been rapidly developed and has begun to penetrate into various fields. It has successfully obtained many high-performance and special performance application materials. It is no exception in the ink field and no longer depends on it. For chemical pigments, nanoparticles with appropriate volume are selected to present different colors. Because some substances have different particle sizes and different colors at the nanoscale, or different substances and different colors, combining nanotechnology with anti-counterfeiting technology will open up another vast world of anti-counterfeiting inks.
14) Multifunctional or comprehensive anti-counterfeiting ink:
The principle of anti-counterfeiting is to add other anti-counterfeiting technologies to the general anti-counterfeiting ink, so as to achieve multiple anti-counterfeiting functions. For example, laser hologram logo combined with fluorescent encryption anti-counterfeiting ink.
(3) Pattern anti-counterfeiting
The elements of the pattern anti-counterfeiting design system include: ground pattern, ball flower, lace, miniature emblem, latent image, anti-scan, relief, and image processing, integrated image, etc. Each function can be used independently, or several Comprehensive application of functions to form more complex patterns. The principle is to use special anti-counterfeiting software to generate rich lines and patterns, use the coloring, thickness, and direction of the lines to express different levels and contours with different changes such as their variability and flexibility. After the design, the CTP version is printed directly. To achieve a high-precision anti-counterfeiting means. Its features are low cost and high anti-counterfeiting performance.
At present, there is an unlocking type anti-counterfeiting. Its feature is that the whole picture is composed of lines, which is different from the dot picture. The picture itself has good anti-counterfeiting performance, but the real beauty lies in the internal factors in the picture. The front and back sides of the film are placed on the picture, you can clearly see the two visual effects. "Unlocking" anti-counterfeiting pushes the pattern anti-counterfeiting to a higher level, and makes counterfeiters helpless. The pictures they use can be selected according to their own needs.
(4) Rainbow printing
Also known as serial printing, it is a natural color mixing that realizes two-color or three-color transition on the same line. The entire line has no dots. It is a good anti-counterfeiting technology. It is used for anti-counterfeiting shading printing. The line pattern printed at one time has More than two colors make different parts of a complete pattern have different colors, and the color change of lines or images is gradually transitioned, without obvious boundaries, just like the gradual change of rainbow colors in the sky, so it is called rainbow printing. The color of the background shading on the front of the RMB 100 yuan is gradually changing from orange to orange, green, and blue, and this technology is applied to the second generation ID card.
(5) Barcode security
At present, there are only two types of barcodes with anti-counterfeiting functions, one is invisible barcodes (covered invisible barcodes, photochemically processed invisible barcodes, invisible ink printed invisible barcodes), and the other is metal barcodes. Because the one-dimensional bar code has poor anti-counterfeiting effect, it is easy to be copied by counterfeiters to promote the emergence of two-dimensional codes. It has the advantages of large information capacity, high reliability, strong security anti-counterfeiting, easy production, and low cost. It has been widely used. The metal barcode is a patent monopoly technology approved by the State Technical Supervision Bureau. It can change the internal information of the barcode according to the needs of the user. It can give different content to each metal barcode label. It can not be deciphered. Pasting the metal barcode label on the surface of the object not only visually Counterfeit products without metal barcodes can be distinguished, and the internal information can be identified from the automatic recognition technology, which makes it easy for law enforcement and consumers to distinguish counterfeit and shoddy products. China has now developed a production process of double-layer encrypted barcodes. Two sets of light sources are used in the reader. The first group of light sources can read the outer layer code, and the second group of light sources can read the inner layer code; The outer layer code is visible to the naked eye, and the inner layer code is invisible to the naked eye. It must be read with a second set of special light sources. At the same time, there is a certain functional relationship between the outer layer code and the inner layer code. The simple combination reader does not work, and this set of functional relationships can be controlled by the user in the computer; thereby ensuring that this double-layer secret barcode cannot be copied, even if two identical codes are copied, it cannot be It is read by the same reader, because the turn-on time of the two light sources is controlled by the functional relationship between the two sets of codes, and cannot be controlled artificially to achieve anti-counterfeiting purposes; and the inner and outer layer codes can be one-dimensional codes, It can also be a two-dimensional code, which can be a standard code or a non-standard code. [next]
(6) Smart tag (RFID)
Smart tags, also known as radio frequency tags, use radio frequency identification technology to achieve target identification, item tracking and information collection through the joint action with readers, data exchange and management systems; smart tags are known as the new anti-counterfeiting technology in the future. The label uses high-tech anti-counterfeiting means, which has the characteristics of non-copying, multiple encryption, and more secure data. It has been widely used in industrial production, commodity circulation and other fields, and has become an effective means of product management, anti-counterfeiting, and anti-theft.
(7) 3D anti-counterfeiting technology
With the great success of the movie "Avatar" and the 3D boom that has swept through, 3D anti-counterfeiting technology is in the ascendant. The latest version of the US dollar banknotes that have been in circulation this year use the latest 3D security thread technology. The 3D security line made of completely three-dimensional images made of resin is the "3D security belt" on the right side of Franklin's head of the US dollar bill; the angle of inclination changes with the hand, and the American Independence Bell pattern and 100 words in the bright blue security belt will be around Move up. The anti-counterfeiting tape is embedded in the banknotes, not printed; DAS company introduced RFID tags for anti-counterfeiting 3D imaging technology, 3D images can intuitively prove the authenticity of the information, can be combined with RFID tags, play a better Anti-counterfeiting effect, if someone wants to tear off the anti-counterfeiting label on the genuine product and paste it on the fake, then the entire 3D effect image is destroyed; in addition, there are currently 28 French wine companies using a French electronics company to invent 3D anti-counterfeiting labels, each anti-counterfeiting label has a unique bubble pattern and a serial number, consumers can check the serial number and bubble pattern are consistent through the network, so as to achieve the purpose of anti-counterfeiting
(8) Biological anti-counterfeiting
Biological anti-counterfeiting currently mainly includes fingerprint identity anti-counterfeiting identification technology, eye iris identity anti-counterfeiting identification technology, antigen / antibody product anti-counterfeiting technology and DNA product anti-counterfeiting technology. The combination of fingerprint identification anti-counterfeiting identification technology, eye iris identification anti-counterfeiting identification technology and computer farewell system has become an important means of identification, and has been widely used in many aspects. Anti-counterfeiting technology of antigen and antibody is actually a kind of anti-counterfeiting technology for biological experiment identification. Its starting point is to use the uniqueness of antibodies for antigen recognition to achieve anti-counterfeiting purposes; DNA anti-counterfeiting technology is also a high-tech biological anti-counterfeiting that is currently being "hot" Technology, practice is: extract its DNA molecular fragment signal from an organism, after a certain technical processing, clone more doses, and then incorporated into the production of goods, can also be made into product labeling On merchandise. In this way, every product produced will contain traces of DNA code signs to achieve the purpose of anti-counterfeiting.
(9) Compound anti-counterfeiting
Compound anti-counterfeiting is the use of two or more anti-counterfeiting technologies to improve the anti-counterfeiting effect; for example, using the anti-counterfeiting pattern or ball flower, etc., then using invisible anti-counterfeiting fluorescent ink printing or rainbow printing; another example is laser holography The combination of logo and fluorescent encryption anti-counterfeiting ink is to increase the anti-counterfeiting function by adding new anti-counterfeiting measures for secondary encryption without damaging the integrity of the laser holographic logo. At present, a comprehensive anti-counterfeiting technology for secondary encryption of laser holographic marks has been adopted on the market, that is, special detectable fluorescent materials are added to the laser holographic marks through a certain process, which is invisible to the naked eye under sunlight and shows special characteristics in the detection of special instruments. Of various fluorescent graphics. The technology has the characteristics of friction resistance, heat resistance, convenient detection, accuracy and strong anti-counterfeiting, and the production cost increases less.
(10) "Microcircuit" technology
According to the American "Popular Science" report, German and Japanese scientists collaborated to invent a very effective anti-counterfeiting technology: printing aluminum oxide? Gold and organic molecules directly on the banknotes, thereby forming a multi-layer thin film transistor, and finally successfully printing on each banknote With a thin-film transistor microcircuit of 100 layers, it can work only with a voltage of 3V. Such a circuit can easily track the direction of currency circulation and verify its authenticity.
(11) Banknote printing technology
The "Banknote Counterprinting Technology" project completed by Chinese scientists won the first prize of the 2010 National Technical Invention, that is, inventing a banknote counterprinting technology that can be gravure printed on both sides and accurately aligned, taking the lead in overcoming the engraving in the world. The gravure faced the dilemma of the century, this invention has met the requirements of "easy to be recognized by ordinary people and difficult to be counterfeited by counterfeiters", and is unique to China. Its core technology has been patented in Germany and Japan.
With the development of science and technology and the emergence of various interdisciplinary subjects, there will surely be more effective, more economical, more practical and more easily identified anti-counterfeiting technologies.
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