Business scope of printing industry
The printing industry is mainly divided into the following three categories according to its business scope:
a. Plastic flexible packaging printing factory b. Paper products packaging printing factory c. Special printing factory
1. Plastic flexible packaging printing plant
Mainly engaged in various types of plastic films (such as BOPP, PET, PVC, etc.), composite films (cooking bags, aluminum-plastic composite bags, etc.) and various liquid packaging containers (such as Tetra Pak, Liz bags, etc.) and other packaging products Printing and forming production. Its main printing equipment is: gravure printing machine (unit type), wide-format flexo printing machine (satellite type or stacked type). The main post-press processing equipment are: laminating machine, bag making machine, palm-joining machine, slitting machine, etc.
1.1 Gravure printing machine: mostly 5-8 colors, mostly wide format machine: 800mm-1200mm. Use solvent-based inks or water-based inks. There are many domestic and foreign brands. Most of the domestic gravure printing machines are medium-format machines. The equipment investment is low, the structure is simple, the stability is poor, and the printing speed is mostly about 120 meters per minute. The foreign brand gravure printing machines mainly come from Japan and In Europe, its equipment investment is high, but the structure is well-designed, has good stability, and fast speed: more than 200 meters / minute.
1.2 Wide format flexo printing machine: mostly 4-6 colors, mainly wide format machine: 800mm-1200mm, use solvent ink, water ink, or UV ink. The wide-format flexo machines currently used in China are mainly foreign brands (Europe, North America). The equipment investment is very high, but the structure design is excellent and the printing speed is fast: more than 200 meters / minute. For a medium-sized plastic flexible packaging printing plant, at least one wide-width gravure printing machine with more than 6 colors or one wide-width flexographic printing machine with more than 4 colors, and corresponding post-press processing equipment.
2. Paper product packaging and printing factory
Engaged in a wide range of printing, including the following categories: plain paper printing, using offset presses, narrow or medium-format flexo printing machines; label printing, using label relief printing machines or narrow-width flexo printing machines; bill printing, using Business carousel. Post-press processing equipment mainly includes: die cutting machine, laminating machine, glazing machine, box making machine, etc.
2.1 Offset printing machine: can print books and periodicals, labels and various cartons (such as medical packaging, food packaging). Mostly single color, double color, 4 color machine, and more than 4 colors. The main printing width is: 4 start-up, pair start-up, full start-up. Use ordinary offset ink or UV
ink. Domestic brands are mainly represented by "Beiren", and foreign brands are mainly German "Heidelberg, Roland, Gaobao", Japan's "Mitsubishi" and other printing equipment. The printing speed is mostly: 8000-12000 sheets / hour. For a medium-sized plain paper printing factory, at least two 4-color offset presses and corresponding post-press processing equipment are required.
2.2 Label printing machine: mostly narrow-width letterpress rotary presses with more than 4 colors. Use ordinary relief printing ink or UV ink, often with inline coating, glazing and film cutting. Originated from Japan, there are currently many domestic brands in China, with a printing speed of about 100 meters / minute. Can print a variety of self-adhesive materials, such as: coated paper, composite materials, plastic materials (PP, PVC, PET), etc.
2.3 Business Rotary Machine: Rotary offset printing machine, mostly narrow-width machines with more than 4 colors, using ordinary offset printing ink or UV ink, post-press equipment such as perforation and indentation of often-connected lines, as well as inline letterpress and screen printing, The printing speed is about 120 meters / minute.
2.4 Narrow or medium-format flexo printing machine: can print labels, carton paper bags (such as cigarette packs, medical packaging, food packaging). Most of them are more than 5 colors, and the printing width is more than 10 inches. At present, the wide width of narrow flexo plates commonly used in China is 16 inches. Use water-based inks, solvent-based inks or UV inks. It can be used for screen printing, gravure printing, offset printing and film coating and film cutting. Domestic brands include: Shanghai Ziguang, Beiren, Shandong Yigaofa, etc. The printing speed is mostly around 100 meters / minute, the printing accuracy is unstable, but the initial investment of the equipment is low. Imported brands include: United United States, McAndy, Canada's Yajiafa, Europe's Jielas, Nilpter, etc., the printing speed is mostly around 150 meters / minute, the printing accuracy is high, and the operation is simple, but the equipment investment is high. The medium-sized printing factory, which is mainly engaged in flexographic printing, must have at least two narrow-format or medium-format printing presses of more than 6 colors and corresponding post-press processing equipment.
3. Special printing: mainly for special shapes or special materials (direct printing on various plastic or metal containers), special processes (such as the requirement that the printed graphics have a three-dimensional sense), variable printing, etc. Its main printing equipment: screen printing machine, pad printing machine and digital printing machine. [next]
Variable code inkjet printing system
1. The classification of inkjet equipment: According to the nozzle type, it can be divided into three types: continuous type (such as Kodak Wanyin), piezoelectric crystal type (such as Omega, Genesis) and thermal foam type (such as HP). .
According to the ink, there are three categories: water-based ink, solvent-based ink and oil-based ink.
2. Introduction of various nozzles:
2.1 Continuous nozzle
Main representative manufacturer: Kodak Wanyin, using water-based ink.
Main advantages: high printing speed (up to 300 m / min), clear imaging, single spray point is round under the magnifying glass, and there is almost no deformation. The contrast ratio of water-based ink on paper is high, and it can basically reach grade B or grade C during the barcode printing process. Large-scale high-speed printing production lines are most suitable for this type of equipment. Due to the semi-open recycling ink path, the ink leakage problem of this type of nozzle is its shortcomings, and regular maintenance makes the use cost higher. At the same time, water-based inks cannot be printed on non-hydrophilic substrates (such as plastic films), which limits the use of inkjet printing equipment. In addition, the price of this type of inkjet printing equipment itself is also the highest.
At present, the application of lottery printing and tax bill printing in China mainly uses continuous printing technology.
2.2 Piezoelectric crystal nozzle
Main representative manufacturers: Australia's Omag and Canada's Chuangshi, use oil-based inks and solvent-based inks.
Main advantages: low equipment price, easy maintenance of the nozzle, and relatively long service life. There are many types of oil-based inks and solvent-based inks with their own characteristics, and printing companies can choose according to the actual situation. In general, solvent-based inks are mostly used in bill-to-code printing, and the barcodes printed can reach grade C or higher. Its main disadvantage is that it is limited by the principle of crystal piezoelectricity, the emission frequency of various types of nozzles is affected, and the printing speed is limited to 60-120 meters / minute.
In recent years, the two major piezoelectric nozzle manufacturers have launched new nozzles, mainly to form a breakthrough in speed, so this type of inkjet printing equipment is also the fastest to update, and printing companies should pay special attention when purchasing such equipment System upgradeability.
2.3 Thermal foaming nozzle
Main representative manufacturers: HP, Jieming, Videojet, Incjet, Omago, etc.
Main advantages: low equipment price, no maintenance of print head, and high printing resolution (can reach 600dpi). The ink is available in a variety of specifications such as water-based ink and UV ink, which can meet the needs of variable data printing and scratch content of scratch invoices. Main disadvantages: In the case of wide-format printing, multi-nozzle combination is used for splicing, and the accuracy is not high. Therefore, deviations will occur when encountering wide-format barcodes, which is easy to cause the barcode to be unreadable or slow to read; in addition, such The ink cartridge needs to be replaced at the same time when the equipment changes ink, and the cost of consumables is large. Even if the central ink supply technology is used, the life of such nozzles is still limited due to the principle of thermal foaming. [next]
Practical application
According to the type of equipment and the nature of the printing medium, different configurations and different processes are formed.
1. Label printing machine: printing such labels requires equipment with good printing ability. Basically, it is a satellite or unit type printing system.
2. Flexo printing machines: Flexo printing machines are basically unit-type printing machines.
3. Gravure printing machine: Gravure printing machine is mainly based on unit type.
4. Sheet-fed printing press: For sheet-fed printing presses, it is very difficult to install a printing system on the equipment itself. It is recommended to use a separate paper feeding system to realize the printing of information codes.
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