Since the dot change occurs in the surrounding area of ​​the printing dot, the more dots per unit area, the more the surrounding dots of the dot, and the greater the amount of change in the dot, which shows that the dots of the thin cable are enlarged. Larger, and the corresponding coarse network cable network expansion is smaller.
Printed outlets may be divided into coarse or fine outlets depending on their use. Fine print products for close-range viewing should use fine dots, such as periodicals, prints, trademarks, and packaging for printing products. Printed products viewed from a distance must use coarse dots, such as large posters and posters, in general. Dots are in inches, which is how many lines (horizontal and vertical lines) are within one inch of area. Common network lines are 60 l/in, 90 l/in, 133 l/in, 150 l/in, and 175 l/in.
V. Signal bar control network expansion
1.GATF digital signal strip
GATF digital signal strip is made of 27l/cm thick dot for the substrate, inlaid with 80l/cm flat net laid 0 ~ 9 number, in the original version of the signal bar in the digital density and background density the same. Specific use is as follows:
The 1GATF digital signal strip is based on the assumption that the coarse net is constant and the dot does not exist. The difference in density between the digits and the ground color is observed with the naked eye. 2 On the original version, the area of ​​1 to 7 digital dots was successively reduced by 3% to 5%, and 7 to 9 were decremented by more than 5%. The area of ​​No. 0 net was the largest, and that of No. 9 net was the smallest. 3 Since it is assumed that the coarse wire does not expand at all, the amount of dot gain is determined based on that digital and background density.
2. Star site control
Thirty-six black and white wedge lines of equal width are emitted from the center of the circle, with a small white point in the center of the circle.
Stars are based on the size of the central white point to determine the size of the dot expansion. The center of the star sign has a large white dot, indicating that the dot expansion is small; the white dot at the center of the star sign is small, indicating that the dot gain is large.
As a test tool for testing dot gains, the star's role is to identify the types of dot gains.
1 The white spots in the center of the star become elliptical, indicating that the outlets have directional expansion. When the center white dot of the star sign shows an ellipse, it indicates that the dot network is expanding around, called horizontal expansion; when the dot network shows an up and down expansion dot network or vertical expansion. 2 If the center of the star appears ghosting, the middle white dot will not only become smaller, but also appear as "8" or "∞" shape, indicating that the dot ghosting and stencil will be affected.
Sixth, measures to control network expansion
1. Offset printing plate to master the exposure time, development time
Offset printing control One of the ways to reduce the dot enlargement and shrinkage is to control the exposure time, development time, developer humidity and concentration ratio. The four-color film from the color separation passes through the process of printing, shifting the image and text points to the printing plate, requiring that the network points be expanded and lost as little as possible, 3% to 5% of the network points should not be lost, and 5% of the network points should not be expanded. 95 % ~ 98% of the outlets are not affixed, the outlets are firm, the dots are neatly arranged, the outlets have no white dots, and the burr edges are rich, complete, and clear. This requires the accurate preparation of the PS version of the developer, according to the formula proportion of the developer specification, do not look more, less, the exposure time with the gray ladder, printing version of the signal to control the data, after the printing plate out of the sun A 5-10x magnifier checks for missing and stencil and dot gain at the ladder and signal bar levels.
2. Reasonably choose the offset lining material to adjust the printing pressure
There are three types of offsets: hard, neutral, and soft. What kind of lining is best? It can be said that each has its own characteristics. Offset printing is a kind of indirect printing method. It requires the middle of the rubber roller to transfer the printing plate image net point to the surface of the paper. The eraser and its lining material is the middle of the graphic transfer in the offset printing. Media, no lining, no printing pressure, no indirect printing, no offset printing. By adjusting the thickness of the lining of the offset printing press, a reasonable and optimal printing pressure can be obtained, and the uniformity of the ink shades of the printed product and the clarity of the dots can be enhanced. In addition, the reasonable lining can be used to reduce dot gain and increase the number of dots. The printing plate's resistance to printing force is very helpful.
The printing pressure is obtained by the two methods of lining thickness and roller center distance adjustment. Generally speaking, whether the printing pressure is appropriate or not is often expressed by the quality of the printed matter. The pressure should be based on the premise that the prints have strong dots, clear graphics, vivid colors, and shades of light. The smaller the application, the better, the control of the dot expansion, and the adjustment of the accurate printing pressure are critical. The printing pressure is high, and the dots are expand. Accurately calculate and use the micrometer to measure the thickness of the blanket cylinder lining, adjust the center distance between the two cylinders, and within the allowable range of the dot expansion, the footprint is sufficiently strong and evenly use the minimum printing pressure.
3. Offset printing control ink balance, reduce network expansion
Offset control to control the ink balance, in order to improve the quality of printed products, advocated in the premise of not dirty version, paste version, use as much as possible the layout of the water, thus compared to the emulsification of ink and paper stretching deformation, ink balance is also a measure of offset The standard of operator's technology is only to achieve the balance of water and ink shrinkage, small, high overprint accuracy, color, color, hue can be consistent with the proof of a group of printed ink color depth, printed dot network particles are strong, flat The cable is flat and at the same time it also reduces the expansion of outlets. Avoid large ink and large ink layers during offset printing. Extend the dot spreading of the ink layer too thickly outward. Control 3% to 5% bright tone in the area. Small dots are not lost. 5% of the intermediate dots do not expand. Do not expand or contract. 95% to 97% of large outlets do not overlap, and the control standard for the amount of ink is as follows: a well-defined and well-printed dot and ink color hue are used with as little ink as possible.
Source: Bison
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