With the extensive application of various wood-based panels and the production of panel furniture, as well as the rapid development of the interior decoration industry, sliced ​​thin wood has also been widely used. When slicing and decorating thin wood, because its thickness is very thin (generally about 0.l~0.3mm), if the equipment is adjusted or processed improperly during cutting, it will not only affect the quality of the thin wood, but also reduce the wood. Yield rate.
1 Common defects and causes of planing wood
1.1 The thickness deviation of the thin wood is large
When the thickness deviation of the sliced ​​veneer is large, uneven thickness will occur, and the surface of the product will be uneven when the veneer is applied to the surface of the artificial board. The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows:
1 The cutting machine supports the nut of the workbench and the screws are loose; the card wood device is faulty, the hair can not be clamped, the hair is not fixed firmly, the hair is unstable during the cutting, and there is activity; the automatic feeding device There is a fault, so the feed rate is not balanced.
2 The wood wool has cracking in the longitudinal direction, which causes the wood to be partially elastic when cutting, which makes the cutting surface uneven.
3 The fixing nuts on both sides of the knife holder are loose, which makes the planer undulate when the planer is cut, resulting in uneven thickness of the sliced ​​wood.
4 The knife door pressing rate is uneven. When the planer is adjusted, the horizontal gap between the planer and the pressure gauge is not equal.
1.2 The surface of the veneer is rough, burr and grooved. The reasons are:
1 The planer is blunt and has a slight chipping phenomenon.
2 After the blade of the planer is used for a long time, the surface of the blade strip often rubs against the wood to cause unevenness and bluntness.
3 The cooking temperature of the wool is too low or the cooking time is not enough, which reduces the plasticity of the wood. The wood is not plastic enough when it is cut, and it is prone to cracks and fluffing.
1.3 Sliced ​​thin wood is broken The reason is that the planer is over-pressed, causing the thin wood fibers to break and tear.
1.4 The thin wood appears wavy in thickness. The reason for this is:
1 When the planer is installed, the vertical distance between the two ends of the planer and the pressure gauge is not equal, so that the crushing rate of the middle and the end of the blade is inconsistent.
2 The pressure gauge wears for a long time, which causes the surface of the cutting edge to appear uneven.
3 Planer cutting wedge angle is not suitable.
2 Planing wood defect control and adjustment of cutting machine
1 Fasten the nuts and screws that support the loose workbench, and repair and eliminate the failure of the card device and the automatic feed device to make the wool fixed. Fasten the fixing nuts on both sides of the knife holder to make the tool holder stable, and the planer can be cut smoothly to avoid uneven thickness of the sliced ​​wood.
2 When the wool has a longitudinal crack, the crack can be removed if the size allows.
3 It is necessary to repair the planer frequently. When the pressure gauge is seriously worn, it should be re-grinded and straightened to avoid rough surface roughness of the sliced ​​wood.
4 When loading the knife, make the two ends of the planer and the pressure gauge perpendicular to each other. The height of the tooling is related to the thickness of the sliced ​​thinner, and its value should be equal to the thickness of the thinner minus the compression of the presser. Generally, the height of the blade edge is higher than the height of the ruler by 90% of the thickness of the sliced ​​wood. (If the thickness of the sliced ​​wood is 0.5mm, the edge of the planer is adjusted higher than the pressure gauge by 0.5 X 90%=0 .45mm. 10% is the elastic recovery after thin wood cutting and compression. Adjust the horizontal gap between the planer and the pressure gauge to ensure the proper pressing rate to make the clearance between the planer and the pressure gauge reach the required value. The fixing bolt of the pressure gauge frame ensures that the cutting wedge angle of the planing cutter is 20-30 degrees.
5 According to the hardness of the material and the difficulty of the end crack, select the appropriate cooking temperature and time. The cooking temperature of soft materials can be lower, generally about 80 t, and the cooking time is more than 2 days; when cooking hard materials, it should be heated slowly, otherwise it will be cracked easily, the cooking temperature should be high or even reach the boiling point, and the cooking time can be 10 days. After the end of the steaming, the internal and external temperature of the wood should be adjusted, generally about 60 degrees, so that the thickness of the thin wood is small, the surface is smooth, and it is not easy to fluff.
In summary, when cutting and decorating the thin book, it is necessary to select the appropriate processing technology and make correct adjustment and maintenance of the planing machine. In this way, the quality of the sliced ​​wood can be improved, defects can be avoided, and the utilization rate of the wood can be improved.
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