How is the solution typically prepared in a laboratory?
This article provides an overview of common methods for preparing solutions in laboratory settings. HUMGINE is a leading manufacturer of laboratory equipment, including test chambers, high-low temperature test chambers, constant temperature and humidity chambers, drying ovens, vacuum boxes, moisture-proof cabinets, incubators, and more.
Water is the most widely used solvent in chemical experiments, and it is usually distilled water or deionized water. When a solution doesn't specify a solvent, it is generally assumed to be an aqueous solution. In the experiments described in this book, distilled water or deionized water treated through electrodialysis is used.
When preparing a solution, the first step is to select the appropriate grade of reagent based on the experimental requirements. The quantity of the reagent is then calculated according to the desired concentration and volume, and it is dissolved by adding water. After preparation, the container should be labeled with the solution's name, concentration, and date of preparation.
1. General Solution Preparation
(1) Preparing from Solid Reagents
Weigh the required amount of solid reagent using a balance. Dissolve it in the most suitable water—sometimes, for salts that are prone to hydrolysis, a small amount of acid may be added to prevent this. If needed, gently heat the mixture to aid dissolution. Once fully dissolved and cooled, transfer the solution to a reagent bottle, dilute it to the desired volume, and shake well before storing.
For saturated solutions, use slightly more reagent than calculated. Heat the mixture to dissolve, allow it to cool, and let it crystallize before use.
(2) Preparing from Liquid Reagents
Measure the required volume of liquid reagent using a graduated cylinder. Slowly add it to a measured amount of water while stirring. If the reaction is exothermic, allow the solution to cool to room temperature before proceeding. Transfer the mixture to a reagent bottle, dilute to the desired volume, and shake thoroughly before setting aside.
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