Osteoarthritis is a degenerative manifestation of joints when the human body enters old age. The main pathological changes are cartilage degeneration, and the attachment of the joint edge ligament and subchondral bone hyperplasia form bone cost, and thus cause joint pain. , stiff deformity and dysfunction.
The knee joint is the largest joint of the human body. In the long life of the human body, the knee joint has the highest load in all joints and is most prone to wear, so the incidence of knee osteoarthritis is the highest. The occurrence of knee osteoarthritis is often associated with chronic strain, obesity, decreased bone density, and trauma.
In the non-surgical treatment of knee osteoarthritis, exercise therapy is an important treatment. However, the exercise for patients with osteoarthritis should be treated in two parts. Proper and proper exercise can prevent, delay, and slow the progression of osteoarthritis, and incorrect over-exercise can aggravate joint damage.
For patients with osteoarthritis, consult a professional doctor before starting or continuing any exercise, and it is best to have a check with a dedicated doctor to determine if the exercise is safe and effective for osteoarthritis.
Useful exercises include: swimming, walking, cycling (big wheel, high seat), tai chi, supine straight leg raising or resistance training and flexion and extension activities without heavy joints. These exercises can move the whole body joints and relieve the stiffness of the limbs and joints.
Swimming is not a big burden on the knee joint, and it can make the muscles fully active. It is a sports program that is very suitable for patients with osteoarthritis. Many doctors and scholars believe that climbing, climbing stairs, squatting-reclining, reciprocating revolving, riding a small scooter, riding a bicycle, etc. can increase the joint torque or cause excessive joint surface load. It will aggravate the damage of knee cartilage. It is not recommended for patients with knee osteoarthritis.
But from another point of view, activities such as going up and down stairs, picking up and riding uphill are the functional movements that we must have in our daily lives, and it is hard to avoid. At the same time, such exercise can make the cartilage surface of the whole joint get nutrients, thereby improving the nutritional status of the cartilage, promoting the healing of the wound surface, and contributing to the rehabilitation of the knee osteoarthritis.
Many things have two sides, and exercise is no exception. For patients with knee osteoarthritis, appropriate exercise should be chosen. When climbing a mountain, climbing stairs, binding, and cycling as a training method, pay attention to controlling the intensity and quantity of exercise, and master the correct technical movements, pay attention to the usual self-feeling, and exercise full muscle relaxation after exercise. It can be done, and it is not a bad idea to choose such a sport.
However, if the patient itself cannot effectively control the amount and intensity of exercise, and the exercise technique is not well mastered, it is recommended to exercise at a professional sports rehabilitation center.
In addition, patients with osteoarthritis should pay attention to: do not wear high heels when walking a long distance, wear thick and flexible soft-soled shoes to reduce the impact of the knee joint. Try to avoid climbing, walking on uneven roads, soft terrain and cobblestone roads. Try to get up and down the stairs as much as possible, less climbing, less standing, less weight lifting, to avoid excessive load on the knee joint and aggravate the condition. The knee joint should be slightly extended while sitting, and should be constantly changed position, do not flex the knee joint under the chair.
Avoid prolonged squatting because the weight of the knee joint is 3 to 7 times its own weight when squatting. Keep warm and wear knee pads if necessary to prevent the knees from getting cold. Weight control, try to avoid obesity, suggest that people with severe osteoarthritis, and those who fall easily when walking, use crutches.
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