A. Mifare Light Card
The Mifare Light card was developed to provide a Mifare family of products designed to meet the "small memory application" in the Mifare technology platform in order to focus on optimizing the memory capacity of the chip. Note that since the Mifare Light card is a member of the Mifare family of products, in particular, it is a conversion product of the Mifare 1 S50 card, which is miniaturized in terms of the internal capacity of the card, 16Kbits from the Mifare1 S50 ( 2Kbytes) is reduced to 384bits (48 bytes) of Mifare Light card, but Mifare Light card still retains most of the features of Mifare1 S50 card chip. Therefore, the read/write operation of Mifare Light card can be fully used/compatible. Read and write devices on the Mifare 1 S50 card.
Compared to the Mifare 1 S50 card, the Mifare Light card is greatly optimized in terms of memory capacity (small capacity card), so it has a great advantage in (performance) price (ratio), but storage capacity. The reduction is generally only suitable for card carriers as an application (such as one-way or two-way electronic tickets). The Mifare 1 S50 card can be used in a number of more complex electronic applications, such as subway/bus stored value cards that can be recharged.
Here are some of the key features and technical indicators of the Mifare Light card:
1. 384-bit (48-byte) low-power EEPROM memory
2. Has a unique 32-bit (4 bytes) card serial number
3. A 16-bit (2 bytes) value counter (the chip already has a function to prevent data from being split and destroyed). If you add a value counter that needs to be reversed, it takes up a total of 8 bytes - 64 bits.
4.128-bit (16 bytes - 4 pages) user programmable data area (if the user does not enable the above numerical counting / verifying function, the data area capacity can reach 192 bits - 24 bytes)
5. The user can customize the read/write control permission of the data in the data memory. There are two sets of passwords (KEYA and KEYB) to complete the cooperation.
6. Reading and writing distance: within 10cm (related to the antenna)
7. No power is needed inside the card
8. The Mifare Light card is compatible with the Mifare 1 S50 card read/write device module, which is shown in:
(a) Working frequency: 13.56MHZ
(b) Communication rate: 106 KB baud rate
(c) Anti-collision: multiple cards can be processed at the same time
(d) Data integrity check function (16-bit CRC, even parity, bit coding, bit stream calculation, RF bit channel monitoring, etc.)
(e) Has the same authentication and RF channel encryption as the Mifare 1 (S50) card.
Note that the enabling or disabling of the function of paragraph 8 (e) above is directly related to the encryption of the card data exchanged between the Mifare Light card and the reader device or the data of the reader command data! If the RF channel encryption function of the reader module is disabled, the data exchanged in the air will exist in "plaintext" mode. Once the data is illegally intercepted here, it will threaten the security and confidentiality of the original data of the card! ! !
In the case of a one-way subway ticket, the threat is that the data in a one-way subway ticket can be intercepted without errors.
How to avoid this security confidentiality is not threatened, in the application development phase, in the corresponding RF channel register settings of the reader module (such as RC530/531, etc.), you must enable the encryption feature, set the corresponding register value! ! ! That is, the air data transmission mode of the card and the reading and writing tool is set from "transparence mode" to "encryption mode", thereby avoiding the security and confidentiality of the card original data. The threat of being intercepted.
If in "encryption mode", even if the card data is intercepted, it is difficult for the interceptor to reversely pour the original data in the card from the intercepted (encrypted) data (unless the interceptor knows the encryption algorithm) Protects the security features of the original data in the card! ! !
How to set up a dedicated chip for reading and writing modules, such as RC500/RC531, etc., can refer to the corresponding documentation. In general, we should pay attention to the settings of these related registers:
Control Register (Addr=0x09); Channel/Redundancy Register (Addr=0x22); Crypto1 Keys; LoadKey(Addr=0x19); Authent1(Addr=0x0C);Authent2(Addr=0x14);Working with the Transmit/Receive Command ( Addr=0x1A, 0x1E, 0x16); and so on. As shown in the figure, some related registers (RC530) internal control registers are used.
If the third bit (bit) Crypto1On in the Control Register is set to "1" (after the Mifare Light card and the reader perform the mutual authentication operation Authent2), then the reader and Mifare Light card The air data for contactless communication will all be encrypted and will no longer be transmitted in clear text.
For a simple example, if the wallet data in a one-way ticket (Mifare Light chip) card is 5 (in RMB), the air data received by the actual reader will not be “0x05â€, but an encrypted algorithm. The latter data, for example, may be "0x1a2b3c". Since the average person does not know the construction of this encryption algorithm, even if he is very difficult to intercept and get the data "0x1a2b3c", he has no way to reshape or reverse the specific wallet data to "5" or Other amounts, etc. The data in the wallet is still secure.
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