This method is characterized by continuous heat sealing. Can be used for plastic film (such as polyethylene / glass paper composite film), because the support film material such as glass paper, aluminum foil, etc., does not produce heat deformation after heating, so does not affect the appearance of the package. However, for a single film, wrinkles are generated and the appearance is affected, so it is not applicable.
3. The belt type heat sealing method is shown in Fig. 14-6. The two films to be heat sealed are sandwiched between two rotating metal belts. With the movement of the metal belt, the plastic film is heat-sealed through the heating plate and the cooling plate. Since the film is held by the metal tape during the heat-sealing process, continuous heating of a single film does not cause deformation. The equipment used in this method is more complex and is mostly used in semi-automatic sealing machines.
6. Ultrasonic heat sealing method As shown in Figure 14-9, high-frequency oscillators deliver high-frequency power to magnetostrictive transducers and convert them into longitudinal mechanical vibrations. Then the exponential curve amplitude expands the rod and generates ultrasonic waves, which are applied to the overlapping surface of the film to be sealed to melt and seal the film.
The high-frequency heat sealing method is the same as the ultrasonic heat sealing method. The heat generation is generated on the basis of the film coincidence surface, so it is suitable for the heat sealing of the heat shrinkable film and can be continuously operated. It is often used on a part of a bag making machine and a packaging machine.
3. Sealing the closure with the closure is a closure such as a cap or stopper attached to the packaging container after the packaging container has been loaded into the product to ensure that the contents remain in the container during transportation, storage and sale and avoid contamination. Or cover the general name of the equipment.
There are many types of closures and their functions vary. According to the packaging container, the item to be packaged is selected.
1. Encapsulation requirements for closures The shape, structure, materials and functions of the closures directly affect the quality of the packaging. Therefore, the requirements for closures are numerous.
(1) It is necessary to ensure that the packaged goods are stored, shipped, sold, and used until they are used, without leakage, fugitives, etc., and will not be affected by the outside of the package.
(2) must be easy to open, and some can be reused, and some do not need to remove the lid, plug can access the package internal items, and some do not remove the cap, plug, but with a needle piercing the container to take Use etc.
(3) Closures must not affect the contents of the package. If necessary, disinfection and sterilization must be performed.
(4) Some packaging requires the use of anti-theft caps and plugs to prevent counterfeit goods, or to open closures at the time of sale, to destroy the aseptic or vacuum state of the package, and to cause product damage.
(5) Special goods require airtight packaging to prevent moisture and prevent evaporation. There are also some products to maintain a certain vacuum or pressure.
(6) In addition to the protection of product quality and ease of use, it must also have good printability and decorativeness in order to achieve the aesthetic and promotional role of the goods.
In short, closures are often very small parts, but their role and impact on commodities is enormous and cannot be ignored.
2. Closures commonly used for closures (1) Closures for bottles, cans, etc. These closures are mainly caps and stoppers. There are many kinds of caps, which are mostly made of metal and plastic. Commonly used are the following types:
a. Screw cap: A round cap with continuous threads on the inner surface, made of metal or plastic. The thread in the cap can engage with the external thread of the bottle neck or neck of a container such as a glass bottle or a hose. This type of cover is very versatile and can be found everywhere in the packaging of daily necessities or industrial products. It is important to choose the proper screw cap torque and the corresponding seal.
The capping torque is measured with a torque tester. The cap is gripped with the tester, and the cap is rotated by hand to tighten or release the cap and read directly from the dial. However, the tester cannot be mounted directly on the capping head of the capping machine. Therefore, the capping torque of the capping machine can only be measured indirectly. Use the hand-held torque tester to tighten the cap with the required torque, then use the torque tester to measure the manual capping torque. After obtaining the data, use the same method to test the loose cover torque of the screw cap. After constant adjustment of the machine until the two data are in harmony.
If the above work is neglected, the looseness of the bottle cap will not guarantee the quality of the package. If it is too tight, it will cause troubles to the consumers and users, and even affect the sales volume of the goods.
b. Fast-sweep cap: It is a metal cap used for glass bottles. There is a plastisol gasket in the cap. There is a series of ears protruding at equal distances inwards. It engages with the interrupted external threads of the bottle mouth. Less than one revolution can be achieved. Unscrew the cover or tighten it. Widely used canned jars for packaging foods, such as sauces and canned pickles.
c. Crown cover: It is a kind of metal cover. It is made of composite cork or plastic liner. The cover is made into the shape of a grain, and it is meshed and sealed with the annular part of the bottle mouth. It is suitable for carbonated beverages such as soft drinks, champagne and beer. This kind of cap is installed on the bottle mouth under the pressure of the capping machine. Because of the elastic liner inside the cap, it has good sealing and can withstand the greater pressure inside the bottle. Cannot be reused after it is turned on.
d. Easy to open: It is a kind of metal can lid. It has nicks in the opening part and is equipped with a lifting attachment to facilitate opening. It has pull ring type, pull tab type, button type and other different forms.
e. Rolled cover: Cover made of ductile metal (usually aluminum). The cap supplies the packaging user with no thread. When the cap is capped, the cap blank is put on the sealing portion of the glass bottle, and the machine rolls out the thread on the cap to engage with the thread of the bottle mouth. It is widely used in the packaging of carbonated gas beverages and pharmaceuticals abroad, and is currently used in high-grade wines in China. This type of cover provides good sealing (matching with gaskets or plugs) and a perfect appearance. On the other hand, an anti-theft ring is often made in the lower part of the lid. When the lid is opened, the ring is separated from the lid and the user can be shown that the package has been opened.
f. Children's safety cover: The structure of the cover should be designed so that most children under the age of five can hardly open the cover in a short time. Containers filled with poisonous substances or hazardous substances are safer for children.
In the mechanized and automated packaging operations, the gland sealing process mostly adopts semi-automatic or fully automatic capping machines, and the production capacity is matched with the bottling machine and can loading machine. In particular, the filling and production of carbonated beverages such as soft drinks, beer, etc., are all arranged after the filling machine. When the bottle is filled, the lid is closed immediately to prevent the gas in the bottle from escaping while maintaining the proper pressure. In order to obtain satisfactory and capping quality, in addition to the quality of the cap itself and the liner, the bottle size, finish and firmness of the bottle directly affect the quality of the cap.
Cerdo is used in narrow-neck containers made of cork (natural and synthetic), rubber and plastic. Due to the continuous development of various covers, the scope of application of plugs has continued to shrink. Some have been integrated with closures, and some have been replaced by covers. However, there is still a need to use plugs for packaging of special items, such as sterile antibiotic powders. Bottled medical injection and so on.
In addition, some bottles and cans have a second seal. Such as wax, cellulose, metal foil, heat shrinkable plastics, and other liners. They mainly play anti-gas, anti-wetting, decorating and anti-theft functions.
(2) Closures for Bag-Type Packages These types of closures are mainly clamps, sleeves with lifting rings, button belts, kink belts, and fastening strips. The six types shown in Figures 14-10 are easy-to-use plastic bag closures.
(a) Plastic clips for bags of baked goods;
(b) The figure is a set with a lifting ring, including a lifting ring and a sleeve. The lower sides of the lifting ring can be adjusted to be tight;
(c) The picture shows a twisted belt, much like the flat feeder of a TV antenna. It consists of two pieces of aluminum wire wrapped in soft plastic and will not be loosened after being kinked. It is used for bread, candy and other pouch goods;
(d) The figure shows a button band, which is fixed after the bag is bundled, and is easy to use;
(e) The picture shows a bar-shaped zipper edge. A flat bar is made on one side of the plastic bag, and a flat groove is made on the other side. When closing, the two sides of the plastic bag need to be overlapped, and the side is pressed by hand. It can be locked tightly with the slot, and then it can be locked by sliding along the zipper and can be used repeatedly. It can be used for packing bags of textiles, hardware parts, gifts, cosmetics and travel articles.
(f) The figure is a plastic fastening strip, similar to the one with a lifting collar, but simpler.
The staples are made of metal and are similar to staples. Commonly used belt type and U type two. The band type staple is a round or flat wire nail that is glued into a band shape and can be supplied in a roll, which is easy to use. It can avoid the broken nails or staples deformation and operation loss caused by poor connection. The clips are nickel-plated and have good rust resistance. The use of a strapping carton sealer can hold 1,250 to 4,000 nails at a time, reducing the need for nailing. For various thicknesses of corrugated cartons, the quality of the seal can be guaranteed, and deep nailing or shallow nailing can be performed without damaging the lining inside the box. U-type staples are U-shaped for use with adhesive strips. After rust-proof treatment, it can be stored for a long time, and the staple connection strength is good, soft, and versatile. It can be used on manual, pneumatic and automatic sealing machines.
3. The belt type heat sealing method is shown in Fig. 14-6. The two films to be heat sealed are sandwiched between two rotating metal belts. With the movement of the metal belt, the plastic film is heat-sealed through the heating plate and the cooling plate. Since the film is held by the metal tape during the heat-sealing process, continuous heating of a single film does not cause deformation. The equipment used in this method is more complex and is mostly used in semi-automatic sealing machines.
6. Ultrasonic heat sealing method As shown in Figure 14-9, high-frequency oscillators deliver high-frequency power to magnetostrictive transducers and convert them into longitudinal mechanical vibrations. Then the exponential curve amplitude expands the rod and generates ultrasonic waves, which are applied to the overlapping surface of the film to be sealed to melt and seal the film.
The high-frequency heat sealing method is the same as the ultrasonic heat sealing method. The heat generation is generated on the basis of the film coincidence surface, so it is suitable for the heat sealing of the heat shrinkable film and can be continuously operated. It is often used on a part of a bag making machine and a packaging machine.
3. Sealing the closure with the closure is a closure such as a cap or stopper attached to the packaging container after the packaging container has been loaded into the product to ensure that the contents remain in the container during transportation, storage and sale and avoid contamination. Or cover the general name of the equipment.
There are many types of closures and their functions vary. According to the packaging container, the item to be packaged is selected.
1. Encapsulation requirements for closures The shape, structure, materials and functions of the closures directly affect the quality of the packaging. Therefore, the requirements for closures are numerous.
(1) It is necessary to ensure that the packaged goods are stored, shipped, sold, and used until they are used, without leakage, fugitives, etc., and will not be affected by the outside of the package.
(2) must be easy to open, and some can be reused, and some do not need to remove the lid, plug can access the package internal items, and some do not remove the cap, plug, but with a needle piercing the container to take Use etc.
(3) Closures must not affect the contents of the package. If necessary, disinfection and sterilization must be performed.
(4) Some packaging requires the use of anti-theft caps and plugs to prevent counterfeit goods, or to open closures at the time of sale, to destroy the aseptic or vacuum state of the package, and to cause product damage.
(5) Special goods require airtight packaging to prevent moisture and prevent evaporation. There are also some products to maintain a certain vacuum or pressure.
(6) In addition to the protection of product quality and ease of use, it must also have good printability and decorativeness in order to achieve the aesthetic and promotional role of the goods.
In short, closures are often very small parts, but their role and impact on commodities is enormous and cannot be ignored.
2. Closures commonly used for closures (1) Closures for bottles, cans, etc. These closures are mainly caps and stoppers. There are many kinds of caps, which are mostly made of metal and plastic. Commonly used are the following types:
a. Screw cap: A round cap with continuous threads on the inner surface, made of metal or plastic. The thread in the cap can engage with the external thread of the bottle neck or neck of a container such as a glass bottle or a hose. This type of cover is very versatile and can be found everywhere in the packaging of daily necessities or industrial products. It is important to choose the proper screw cap torque and the corresponding seal.
The capping torque is measured with a torque tester. The cap is gripped with the tester, and the cap is rotated by hand to tighten or release the cap and read directly from the dial. However, the tester cannot be mounted directly on the capping head of the capping machine. Therefore, the capping torque of the capping machine can only be measured indirectly. Use the hand-held torque tester to tighten the cap with the required torque, then use the torque tester to measure the manual capping torque. After obtaining the data, use the same method to test the loose cover torque of the screw cap. After constant adjustment of the machine until the two data are in harmony.
If the above work is neglected, the looseness of the bottle cap will not guarantee the quality of the package. If it is too tight, it will cause troubles to the consumers and users, and even affect the sales volume of the goods.
b. Fast-sweep cap: It is a metal cap used for glass bottles. There is a plastisol gasket in the cap. There is a series of ears protruding at equal distances inwards. It engages with the interrupted external threads of the bottle mouth. Less than one revolution can be achieved. Unscrew the cover or tighten it. Widely used canned jars for packaging foods, such as sauces and canned pickles.
c. Crown cover: It is a kind of metal cover. It is made of composite cork or plastic liner. The cover is made into the shape of a grain, and it is meshed and sealed with the annular part of the bottle mouth. It is suitable for carbonated beverages such as soft drinks, champagne and beer. This kind of cap is installed on the bottle mouth under the pressure of the capping machine. Because of the elastic liner inside the cap, it has good sealing and can withstand the greater pressure inside the bottle. Cannot be reused after it is turned on.
d. Easy to open: It is a kind of metal can lid. It has nicks in the opening part and is equipped with a lifting attachment to facilitate opening. It has pull ring type, pull tab type, button type and other different forms.
e. Rolled cover: Cover made of ductile metal (usually aluminum). The cap supplies the packaging user with no thread. When the cap is capped, the cap blank is put on the sealing portion of the glass bottle, and the machine rolls out the thread on the cap to engage with the thread of the bottle mouth. It is widely used in the packaging of carbonated gas beverages and pharmaceuticals abroad, and is currently used in high-grade wines in China. This type of cover provides good sealing (matching with gaskets or plugs) and a perfect appearance. On the other hand, an anti-theft ring is often made in the lower part of the lid. When the lid is opened, the ring is separated from the lid and the user can be shown that the package has been opened.
f. Children's safety cover: The structure of the cover should be designed so that most children under the age of five can hardly open the cover in a short time. Containers filled with poisonous substances or hazardous substances are safer for children.
In the mechanized and automated packaging operations, the gland sealing process mostly adopts semi-automatic or fully automatic capping machines, and the production capacity is matched with the bottling machine and can loading machine. In particular, the filling and production of carbonated beverages such as soft drinks, beer, etc., are all arranged after the filling machine. When the bottle is filled, the lid is closed immediately to prevent the gas in the bottle from escaping while maintaining the proper pressure. In order to obtain satisfactory and capping quality, in addition to the quality of the cap itself and the liner, the bottle size, finish and firmness of the bottle directly affect the quality of the cap.
Cerdo is used in narrow-neck containers made of cork (natural and synthetic), rubber and plastic. Due to the continuous development of various covers, the scope of application of plugs has continued to shrink. Some have been integrated with closures, and some have been replaced by covers. However, there is still a need to use plugs for packaging of special items, such as sterile antibiotic powders. Bottled medical injection and so on.
In addition, some bottles and cans have a second seal. Such as wax, cellulose, metal foil, heat shrinkable plastics, and other liners. They mainly play anti-gas, anti-wetting, decorating and anti-theft functions.
(2) Closures for Bag-Type Packages These types of closures are mainly clamps, sleeves with lifting rings, button belts, kink belts, and fastening strips. The six types shown in Figures 14-10 are easy-to-use plastic bag closures.
(a) Plastic clips for bags of baked goods;
(b) The figure is a set with a lifting ring, including a lifting ring and a sleeve. The lower sides of the lifting ring can be adjusted to be tight;
(c) The picture shows a twisted belt, much like the flat feeder of a TV antenna. It consists of two pieces of aluminum wire wrapped in soft plastic and will not be loosened after being kinked. It is used for bread, candy and other pouch goods;
(d) The figure shows a button band, which is fixed after the bag is bundled, and is easy to use;
(e) The picture shows a bar-shaped zipper edge. A flat bar is made on one side of the plastic bag, and a flat groove is made on the other side. When closing, the two sides of the plastic bag need to be overlapped, and the side is pressed by hand. It can be locked tightly with the slot, and then it can be locked by sliding along the zipper and can be used repeatedly. It can be used for packing bags of textiles, hardware parts, gifts, cosmetics and travel articles.
(f) The figure is a plastic fastening strip, similar to the one with a lifting collar, but simpler.
The staples are made of metal and are similar to staples. Commonly used belt type and U type two. The band type staple is a round or flat wire nail that is glued into a band shape and can be supplied in a roll, which is easy to use. It can avoid the broken nails or staples deformation and operation loss caused by poor connection. The clips are nickel-plated and have good rust resistance. The use of a strapping carton sealer can hold 1,250 to 4,000 nails at a time, reducing the need for nailing. For various thicknesses of corrugated cartons, the quality of the seal can be guaranteed, and deep nailing or shallow nailing can be performed without damaging the lining inside the box. U-type staples are U-shaped for use with adhesive strips. After rust-proof treatment, it can be stored for a long time, and the staple connection strength is good, soft, and versatile. It can be used on manual, pneumatic and automatic sealing machines.
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