China is a major exporter of textiles, but in recent years, the labeling components of textiles and clothing do not match the actual components, and the phenomenon of adulteration and low quality of textiles has not been effectively contained in time. The research of Zhongshan Inspection and Quarantine Bureau using near infrared spectroscopy to quickly determine the content of textile fibers has achieved a staged breakthrough. This technology can be called the "DNA" technology in fiber identification.
A few days ago, the invention patent "a method for preparing a standard sample of fiber component content" declared by scientific and technical personnel of Zhongshan Inspection and Quarantine Bureau has been accepted and published by the State Patent Office. Through the use of near-infrared spectroscopy detectors, the testing staff simultaneously tried the technology on five blended products of polyester and cotton blended, cotton and spandex, cotton and silk, polyester and viscose, polyester and spandex. The “Fiber Distribution Statistics Software for Textilesâ€, which is also developed together, can concentrate more than 20,000 kinds of samples on the market into 2641 standard samples that can cover 80% of the fiber distribution. The inspection staff of Zhongshan Inspection and Quarantine Bureau has made more than 500 standard samples. After actual testing, the standard samples are assigned accurately, with good uniformity, stability and durability, and can meet the requirements of using near infrared spectroscopy analysis to establish models.
In the textile industry, infrared spectroscopy is mainly used to determine the composition. For the blended fabric, due to the superposition of the spectrum, the position of the characteristic peak is blurred, which limits its development in textile detection. The research at home and abroad is limited to the blending of natural fibers and synthetic fibers, that is, the blending of two fibers with large spectrum differences.
Near-infrared spectroscopy is an indirect analysis technique. It first uses conventional analysis methods to obtain basic data on the composition or properties of the modeled sample set, and then uses chemometrics methods to establish a correction model to achieve quantitative analysis of unknown samples. It can be said that near-infrared spectroscopy is successfully applied to the detection of fiber content, the development of near-infrared equipment, the preparation of standard products for value assignment, and the establishment of a content model by computer technology combined with stoichiometric technology are indispensable. Textile materials with different content and different fiber content have different patterns. Based on this principle, the introduction of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) technology in the fiber identification of textile materials only requires placing the test probe on a uniform and uniform surface. On the first scan of the finished product, the probe collects the atlas module of the test sample and compares it with the standard substance model atlas module in the test equipment to detect the percentage of the textile composition.
China is the world's largest textile and apparel producer, exporter and consumer. The textile industry is China's second largest export-making foreign exchange industry. In 2012 alone, the cumulative export volume of textile raw materials and textile products reached 254.92 billion US dollars, an increase of 2.8% throughout the year It accounts for 20% of the total export trade volume and employs more than 30 million people. It is an important pillar foreign exchange earning industry in China. Textiles have always had the advantages of resources and low-cost labor, occupying an important position in the world's textile and apparel production and export, and the textile and apparel industries also hold a decisive position in the national economy.
In the production and sale of textiles, the first thing to consider is the type and composition of the fibers in the fabric. Whether it is textile production or trade, the qualitative identification and quantitative analysis of textile fibers are often the people's first concern. What raw materials are used and what is the input ratio of raw materials are often the first issues to be organized by producers. In trade, in order to prevent fraud, it is especially necessary to label the product. The compulsory standard GB5296.4 "Instructions for the use of consumer goods textiles and clothing" refers to FZ / T 01053 "Identification of the content of textile fiber components", which makes the latter mandatory, so that the identification and quantitative analysis of textile fibers in many The inspection project occupies an important position.
Compared with existing textile component analysis methods, NIR technology has three major breakthroughs:
First, the detection cycle is greatly shortened. The traditional detection method has a long detection cycle, which takes more than 10 hours from textile sample preparation, sample drying, chemical dissolution stripping, sample drying after dissolution, to final calculation results, test preparation and detection. The near-infrared technology only needs to put the test sample to the probe, and the specific value of the fiber content can be "read" in just a few minutes or even tens of seconds.
The second is ecological and environmental protection. The traditional quantitative testing of textile ingredients uses chemical dissolution or microscopy. The chemical dissolution method uses a large amount of strong acids, strong bases and toxic and hazardous chemical reagents, which seriously affects the health of the inspectors. And strong alkali cause great pollution to the environment. The microscope has a large human factor and a long inspection period. The test data made by different inspectors have deviations and large differences, which is not conducive to judging the accuracy of the textile fiber content. Near-infrared technology does not require chemical reagents, and will not damage the health of the inspectors and destroy the natural ecological environment.
The third is to protect the sample. The traditional testing method needs to destroy the testing sample, which increases the sample loss of the commissioned testing unit. Especially for some high-end imported clothing, because the clothing is expensive, the traditional method of testing must destroy the sample. Once damaged, the distribution Quotient losses may be as high as several thousand yuan. The near-infrared technology does not need to damage the samples, and the tested samples will not change in color fastness, shrinkage rate, etc., which is conducive to the effective supervision of imported textiles by government regulatory authorities and better safeguards the rights and interests of domestic consumers.
The application of near-infrared spectroscopy in the quantitative analysis of textile raw material components will subvert the traditional textile raw material component determination and analysis methods, so that the tedious analysis work that can only be completed by testing personnel who rely on laboratories, chemical reagents, and textile expertise The near-infrared spectrometer of the near-infrared analysis model is replaced, and the analysis time is shortened from more than 10 hours to 3 minutes, which greatly improves the analysis speed of textile raw material components and provides fast and convenient analysis for various links in textile production, market supervision and sales. Technology is a major innovation in textile raw material component detection technology.
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